Brain and Mind Institute Seminar


08.06.09 Thursday, 15h00, AAB032

Pietro Berkes
Volen Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University
http://people.brandeis.edu/~berkes/

Neural evidence for statistically optimal inference and learning in primary visual cortex

Abstract:

How do we infer from sensation the state of the external world? Human and animal subjects are able to take into account noise and uncertainty in behavioral task and perform statistically optimal inference and learning. Moreover, statistical models of natural images have been shown to reproduce many features of receptive field organization in primary visual cortex. However, there has been so far no evidence of optimal inference and learning at the neural level. In this talk, I will derive a general consequence of the statistical framework, predicting that the distribution of neural spontaneous activity and that of activity evoked by natural stimuli must become more and more similar with visual experience, and be identical in the ideal case, under the assumption that neural activity represents samples from an internal, probabilistic model of the environment. I will present data from multielectrode recording in awake ferrets at various stage of post-natal development that supports this prediction. The increasing similarity between the two distributions is found to be due to an increasing match between the spatial and temporal correlational structure of the activity patterns, and is specific to activity evoked by natural stimuli, and not by noise or grating stimuli. These results provide support for the statistical framework at the neural level, and suggest a novel interpretation for neural variability and spontaneous activity.

back